Acids, Bases, and Aqueous Equilibria

Acid–base models, pH and pOH, equilibrium constants, buffers, titrations, salts, and hydrolysis.

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Topics organized by available grade level

Main Topics and Subtopics by grade

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Main Topics

Grade 9

Acid–Base Concepts

Subtopics

Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, and Lewis acids/bases

Main Topics

Grade 10

Acid–Base Concepts

Subtopics

Acid–base definitions and reactions

Acid–Base Equilibria

Subtopics

Acid–base equilibria
Ka, Kb, Kw, salts, and hydrolysis

Buffers and Titrations

Subtopics

Buffers, titration curves, and neutralization

pH and pOH

Subtopics

Strong and weak acid/base calculations

Main Topics

Grade 11

Acid–Base Concepts

Subtopics

Acid–base definitions and reactions
Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, and Lewis acids/bases

Acid–Base Equilibria

Subtopics

Ka, Kb, Kw, salts, and hydrolysis

Buffers and Titrations

Subtopics

Buffers, titration curves, and neutralization

pH and pOH

Subtopics

Strong and weak acid/base calculations

Main Topics

Grade 12

Acid–Base Concepts

Subtopics

Acid–base definitions and reactions
Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, and Lewis acids/bases

Acid–Base Equilibria

Subtopics

Ka, Kb, Kw, salts, and hydrolysis

Buffers and Titrations

Subtopics

Buffers, titration curves, and neutralization

pH and pOH

Subtopics

Strong and weak acid/base calculations